Shock absorbers are key components of automotive suspension systems, primarily composed of shock-absorbing springs and dampers.

Their core function is to suppress the repeated bouncing after the springs absorb the shock, accelerating vibration damping and thus improving ride comfort and handling stability.

Core Principle

The working principle of a shock absorber is based on hydraulic damping: A small orifice on a piston within a sealed cavity filled with oil controls the oil flow rate. When the piston moves downwards, the oil flows easily (low resistance), while when it moves upwards, the oil flow is restricted (high resistance), creating a "easy downward, difficult upward" damping characteristic. Some shock absorbers incorporate nitrogen to suppress the formation of air bubbles in the oil.